June 22, 2017

PERSONS - Keishoin mother of Tsunayoshi

http://darumapedia-persons.blogspot.jp/2015/06/tokugawa-tsunayoshi.html

Tokugawa Tsunayoshi 徳川綱吉
inu kuboo, Inu-Kubō 犬公方 Inu Kubo, the Dog Shogun

(1646 - 1709)

and his mother, Keisho-In.

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Keishooin 桂昌院 Keisho-In, Keishoin



- quote -
Keisho-in - Biography (1627-1705).
The birth mother of the fifth shogun Tsunayoshi Tokugawa. The second daughter of Nizaemon, a green grocer of Horikawa, Kyoto.
Keisho-in entered into service at the inner palace as the adopted daughter of Munemasa Honjo, the Keishi (an officer responsible for running the household) of Nijo Kampaku (Imperial Regent). She was chosen by Kasuganotsubone (the nurse of the shogun Iemitsu), became the concubine of the third shogun Iemitsu, and gave birth to Tsunayoshi. She was called Otamanokata (O-Tama no Kata), became a nun after the death of Iemitsu, and called herself Keisho-in. She rose to Juichii, the highest position for women, and became the power behind Tsunayoshi's policies. She was also very religious and contributed to building Gokoku-Ji Temple and restoring many temples and shrines.
- snip -
When Otamanokata was a small girl, a priest was said to have predicted that she would rise to greatness.
Just as in the prediction, from being a daughter of a green grocer, Keisho-in rose to the highest possible position a woman could attain. It is a widely accepted theory that her name is the pronoun of Tamanokoshi (Japanese expression for marrying into money) because of her name and how she advanced in the world. In 1680, when Tsunayoshi assumed the role of shogun, she moved into Sannomaru in Edo Castle and intervened in politics.
It is generally believed that the famous law against the harming of animals was drawn up by Keisho-in pressuring Tsunayoshi following the suggestion made by her favorite high priest, Takamitsu. The Matsu no Roka Jiken (the incidence in the Matsu hallway) caused by Asano Takuminokami Naganori at Edo Castle happened during a visit by the Imperial envoy to announce Keisho-in's new position as Juichii. In Zojo Temple in Shibakoen, where Keisho-in is buried, there are tombs of six shoguns, including the second shogun, Hidetada, and the sixth shogun, Ienobu, as well as the wives and concubines of each shogun.
The Inukimon Gate of the Tokugawa tomb is registered as the City's tangible cultural property and was originally in front of Ienobu's tomb. It is a Chinese-style bronze gate decorated with castings of ascending and descending dragons on either side of the gate. The 10 hollyhock crests on the door were added after World War II.
- source : lib.city.minato.tokyo.jp/yukari -


. 神齢山 Shinreizan 悉地院 Shitchi-In 護国寺 Gokoku-Ji .
This temple was founded in 1681 by 亮賢僧正 high priest Ryoken (1611 - 1687)
on behalf of Shogun Tsunayoshi for his mother, 桂昌院 Lady Keisho-In (徳川綱吉 生母).


. Yanagimori Jinja 柳森神社 Yanagimori Shrine .
The shrine was built in the late 17th century by a woman named Keisho-in 桂昌院, the daughter of a lowly greengrocer. As a teenager she was 'scouted' by representatives of Edo castle to join the O-oku -- the harem of women who serviced the Shogun.


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June 18, 2017

MINGEI - Iwami ware Shimane

https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.jp/2011/07/shimane-folk-toys.html

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Iwami village 石見



- quote -
yakimono 石見焼物 / 石見陶器 Iwami Ware
Iwami ware may not be very well known to Japanese people these days, but every family used to have one at home back in the day when running water was not available. Each family needed a large pot to store water. The Iwami giant pot, called "Hando", was of a size big enough for a child to hide inside. It was very popular, and faced a huge demand from all over Japan. The special ceramic method that Iwami made famous was first introduced to this area from Iwakuni province around Yamagata prefecture in 1763. It had a strong water resistance characteristic because of the type of local clay used and the high temperature of its firing. Thus, it was ideal for making a water pot.

As municipal water systems became more prevalent in the 1950s, storing water became less necessary. Furthermore, the introduction of plastic containers caused a further deterioration of the Iwami wares industry. However, the craft survived by adapting to social changes and catering its pottery to the masses. The most common Iwami pots were for storing pickled vegetables/fruits and miso, because they helped food from being spoiled from acidification and alkalization. Iwami ware was registered as one of the Traditional Crafts of Japan in 1994.

Iwami ware originally came in reddish brown and/or semi-clear blue glazes. However, that eventually changed, and different glazes were introduced as well. Flower vases, tableware, mugs and umbrella stands are also made in the Iwami style, and they all radiate the warm energy of the earth. Recently, local businesses announced a collaboration had begun between the nearby hot spring resort of Arifuku Onsen and Iwami ware makers to showcase a fine dining experience with Iwami-made tableware. This type of project is sure to attract nationwide publicity.
- - - - - 405 I Kakushicho Gotsu-shi Shimane-ken
- source : japan-brand.jnto.go.jp/crafts -


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June 16, 2017

ONI - Kishitsu Jinja Shiga

https://kappapedia.blogspot.jp/2017/04/oni-shrine-names.html

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Shiga 滋賀県

鬼室神社 Kishitsu Jinja
滋賀県蒲生郡日野町 Shiga, Gamo district, Hino



The grave of 鬼室集斯 Shusui Kishitsu, a respected and cultured visitor from Korea more than 1,300 years ago, is located behind the main shrine here.
This is where the shrine gets its name from. It is the oldest shrine in Hino.
Kishitsu Shusui fought during the 白村江の戦い Hakusonko no tatakai

- quote -
The Battle of Baekgang, also known as Battle of Baekgang-gu or by the Japanese name
Battle of Hakusukinoe (白村江の戦い Hakusuki-no-e no Tatakai or Hakusonkō no Tatakai), was a battle between Baekje restoration forces and their ally, Yamato Japan, against the allied forces of Silla and the Tang Dynasty of ancient China. The battle took place in the lower reaches of the Geum River in Jeollabuk-do province, Korea. The Silla-Tang forces won a decisive victory, compelling Yamato Japan to withdraw completely from Korean affairs and crushing the Baekje restoration movement.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


- quote -
Kishitsu Shrine in Hino Town in Shiga Prefecture is an old shrine enshrining Gwisil Jipsa (Japanese: Kishitsu Shushi), an exiled nobleman from Paekche.
Gwisil Jipsa was the son of Gwisil Boksin (Japanese: Kishitsu Fukushin), a general of Paekche. When Paekche fell in 660, his father tried to save the nation by raising an army, but the restoration movement was besieged by the Silla-Tang allied forces. Gwisil Jipsa migrated to Japan with 700 men and women and settled in Hino Town. It is said that he was a person of culture.
Being called Fudo-do, the shrine had functioned and had been worshipped as the shrine guarding the west direction of the village until the Edo period (1603-1868). The festivals and rituals of the shrine had been performed by Muroto-kabu, the Miyaza (a specially empowered village guild concerning with shrine festivities) of the village.
In 1429, the shrine pavillion was constructed and it was named Kishitsu Shrine in honor of Gwisil Jipsa, for it is thought that Jipsa was buried in the stone chamber in back of the main hall of the shrine.
- source : nippon-kichi.jp... -


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EDO - place names -backup

backup June 15 2017

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.jp/2013/02/places-of-edo.html

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
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Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo and the Edo period



source : Wikipedia
canal system of Edo


. machi, choo 町 small town or village - districts and Haiku   .
chiku 地区 area

The wikipedia has now extensive coverage about Tokyo and the districts of Edo.
The special wards of Tokyo are:
Adachi Arakawa Bunkyo Chiyoda Chūō Edogawa Itabashi Katsushika Kita Kōtō Meguro Minato Nakano Nerima Ōta Setagaya Shibuya Shinagawa Shinjuku Suginami Sumida Taitō Toshima
The "three central wards" of Tokyo – Chiyoda, Chūō and Minato – are the business core of the city,
- source : wikipedia -



The Landmarks of Edo in Color Woodblock Prints
484 nishiki-e picturing 103 landmarks of Edo
... links to illustrated geographical booklets Edo Meisho Zue
- source : National Diet Library-



Edo Meishō Zue 江戸名所図会 "Guide to famous Edo sites"
... an illustrated guide describing famous places and depicting their scenery...
20 books divided among seven volumes. Initially published in 1834.
... conceived by Saitō Yukio Nagaaki (1737–1799) ...
- source : wikipedia -

under construction
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. Aomonochoo 青物町 Aomonocho "vegetable" district .


"Full moon at Arakawa River" 荒川の月
川瀬 巴水 - Hasui Kawase (1883-1957) - 1929

Aoyama 青山 - names after the estate of the Tokugawa retainer 青山忠成 Aoyama Tadanari (1551 - 1613)

Arakawa 荒川 river Arakawa

. Asakusa 浅草 district .
- - - - - . Asakusa Kannon 浅草観音, temple 浅草寺 Senso-Ji . .

Ayasegawa 綾瀬川 Ayase-gawa Asakusa-dera
ukiyo-e by Kobayashi Kiyochika 小林清親
- reference : -

Azabu 麻布 a place where asa 麻 hemp grew.
- Azabu juuban 麻布十番 Asabu Juban: the 10th part of the river waterworks



. Bakurochoo, Bakuro-chō 馬喰町 Bakurocho district .


Banchoo 番町 Bancho and . Kōjimachi 麹町 / 麴町 Kojimachi district .


Chiyoda Ku 千代田区 Chiyoda Ward - list of village names 町名
Kanda chiku 神田地区 Kanda Area
- source : wikipedia -

. Daikuchoo 神田大工町 Kanda Daikucho, carpenter district .


Echigoya 越後屋 and Mitsui 三井

Edojoo 江戸城 Edojo, Edo Castle

Edogawa 江戸川  river Edogawa
. WKD : Haiku by Kobayashi Issa.


. Eitaibashi 永代橋 Eitai-Bashi bridge .


Fujimi chaya, Fujimijaya 富士見茶屋 "tea shop to view Mount Fuji"
There were quite a few in the region.
. Meguro, 目黒 Fujimi chaya .
Zôshigaya Fujimi chaya - Teahouse at Zoshigaya / print by Hiroshige
Otome-toge Fujimi-chaya, Hakone


. Fukagawa 深川 .

. Fukiyachoo 葺屋町 Fukiyacho District of roof thatchers .
- and Kayabacho 茅場町, 南茅場町 Minami-Kayabacho



. Ginza 銀座 "Silver Guild" district .
- - - - - Ginpari, Gin Pari 銀巴里 chanson cafe in Ginza

. gofukuchoo 呉服町 Gofukucho, district of the Kimono shops .
..... Gofukubashi 呉服橋. / Gofukubashi Mitsuke Mon 呉服橋見附門 Gofukubashi Mitsuke Gate

. Gofunai, Funai 御府内 "The Lord's City" .
御府内八十八ヶ所霊場 Pilgrimage to 88 Henro Temples in Edo

. Gyootoku, Gyōtoku 船橋 と 行徳 Gyotoku .
..... Gyotoku enden 行徳塩田 Gyotoku salt fields


. Hachiman 八幡 Shrines in the Edo period .

. Hakkei 八景 Eight Views .
Sumida-gawa hakkei 隅田川八景 by Hiroshige II 広重 II
Sumida Hakkei in Edo 隅田八景
Zashiki Hakkei 座敷八景 Eight Parlor Views
Oomi Hakkei 近江八景 Omi Hakkei, Eight Views of Omi .

Hamamatsuchoo 浜松町 Hamamatsu-Cho - In the Genroku period (around 1700) the headman of this district moved in from Hamamatsu in Shizuoka.

. Himonochoo 檜物町 / 檜物丁 HimonoCho District .
quarters of the craftsmen of Hinoki cypress wood

. Hongokuchoo 本石町 Hongoku District .

. Honjo 本所 and Honchoo (Motomachi) 本町 Honcho .

. Honryoogaechoo 本両替町 Hon-Ryogae-Cho district .
- Kanefukichoo 金吹町 Kanefukicho // Kinsukechoo 金助町 Kinsukecho - related to Ginza and 金座 Kinza

. Honzaimokuchoo 本材木町 Honzaimokucho, Honzaimoku-cho district .
..... 楓川 Kaedegawa / 海運橋 Kaigunbashi

Hooraikan 鳳来館 Horaikan now an exhibition hall in Aichi

. Horidomechoo 堀留町 Horidomecho District / Horidome rivers .

. Hyakuninchoo 百人町 Hyakunincho district . - Aoyama, Shinjuku

. Ikegami Honmonji 池上本門寺 Ikegami Honmon-Ji  temple .

Iogi 井荻
- source : japanthis.com -

. Iwamotochoo, Iwamotochō 神田岩本町 Kanda Iwamotocho .
--- Benkeibashi 弁慶橋 Benkeibashi bridge / Aizomegawa 藍染川 river Aizome-gawa


. Kagurazaka - Kagurasaka 神楽坂 Ushigome Kagurazaka 牛込神楽坂 .

. Kajibashi 鍛冶橋 Kajibashi Bridge, "Blacksmith Bridge" .
Kajiyamachi 神田鍛冶屋町 "Blacksmith district" - also called
. Kanda Kajichoo, Kajimachi 千代田区 神田 鍛冶町 .


. Kamakurachoo 鎌倉町 Kamakura-Cho in Kanda, Chiyoda ward.
and - - - - - Kamakuragashi 鎌倉河岸 - 鎌倉川岸 Kamakura riverbank, Kamakura waterfront
and - - - - - Toshimaya 豊島屋 first "Izakaya 居酒屋" pub in Edo

Kameido 亀戸
. Kameido daikon 亀戸大根 large radish from Kameido .

. Kameyama 亀山 "Turtle Mountain" .

. Kamisukichoo 紙漉町 Kamisuki-Cho, paper maker district .

Kanamachi 金町
. Kanamachi kokabu 金町こかぶ small turnips .

Kanda 神田 "field for the gods" : The land was under the directive of Ise Jingu Shrine to grow rice for the Shrine offerings.
. . Kanda - The Estate of Lord Matsudaira 松平屋敷 . - and legends

. Karasuyama teramachi 烏山寺町 Karasuyama Temple Town . - Setagaya

. Kasugachoo 春日町 Kasugacho District, Kasuga-Cho - 練馬 Nerima, Bunkyo

. Kawasaki district 川崎 - Tokaido .

. Kiba 木場 "place for wood" - lumberyards and carpenters .

. Kijichoo 雉子町 Kiji-Cho "pheasant district" wood-craft workers .
Kanda Kijibashi bridge 雉子橋 Kiji-Bashi, now in 千代田区神田 Chiyoda ward

Kioichoo 紀尾井町 Kioi-Cho : The main estate (kami yashiki) of the Tokugawa family estates from 紀州徳川家 Kishu and 尾張徳川家 Owari were located here. The 中屋敷 "middle estate" of the 井伊家 Ii clan was also located here. In the Edo period, this was mainly the name of the slope.

. Kodenmachō 小伝馬町 Kodenmacho district .
- - - - - with the royashiki 江戸幕府が牢屋敷 main prison

Koganei 小金井
. Koganei 小金井 vegetables .

. Koishikawa 小石川 - and Koishikawa Garden .

. Konyachoo, Konyachō 神田紺屋町 Kanda Konya-Cho, Kon'ya cho
Konyamachi, district for indigo cloth dyers . .


. Koogazaka 甲賀坂 Koga slope . Chioda, Surugadai

. Koojimachi, Kōjimachi 麹町 / 麴町 Kojimachi district .

. Kuramae 倉前 The Bakufu Rice Granaries .

. Kyoobashi 京橋 Kyobashi Bridge .


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お江戸の地名の意外な由来 - - 中江克己

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Magome 馬込
. Magome vegetables .

. Matsuchiyama 真乳山 / 待乳山 .

. Meguro 目黒 and Meguro no Sanma  目黒の秋刀魚 .
- - - . Meguro Fudoo 目黒不動 Meguro Fudo Temple .
- - - - - Kami-Meguro - The Shogun's Hawk-Hunting Grounds
- source : Edomatsu -


. Nagasaki 長崎 in Toshima ward .

Naitoo 内藤 Naito see Shinjuku, 内藤新宿 Naito Shinjuku
. Naito Kabocha Pumpkin .

Negishi 根岸
. WKD : wabizumai 根岸の里の侘び住まい - the abode of Masaoka Shiki in Negishi   .


. nihon, nippon  日本 Japan .

Nihonbashi 日本橋 "Japan Bridge" in Edo / Tokyo  

. Ningyoochoo, Ningyōchō  人形町 Ningyocho, Ningyo-Cho .


Odaiba お台場 a large artificial island in Tokyo Bay for defensive purposes.
Egawa Hidetatsu 江川英龍太郎左衛門 designed and built the battery emplacements at the entrance of Edo harbour at Odaiba in 1853/54, following the 1853 visit of Commodore Perry and his promise to return the following year.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !
- - - - - Odaiba, Eco-friendly Town - source : web-japan.org/tokyo/ -


. Odenmacho 大伝馬町 The Communications Center .

. okechoo, okemachi、桶町 Okecho, "Bucket district" in Edo .

Ootemachi 大手町 Otemachi : The place of the former 大手門 Ote-Mon "Big, main Gate" to Edo castle.

. Renjakuchoo, Kanda renjaku machi 神田連雀町 Renjaku-Cho district .

. Rokugō no watashi 六郷の渡し Rokugo river crossing .

. Ryoogoku, Ryōgoku 両国 Ryogoku district and bridge 両国橋  .


. Sakai Cho 堺町 Sakai in Edo .
- - - - - Edo Sanza 江戸三座 - the three famous Kabuki theaters of Edo
堺町・葺屋町 Sakai Machi
木挽町 Kobiki choo
猿若町 Saruwaka choo. later renamed Nakamura-za

. Sakuradamon Gate 桜田門 and Ii Naosuke 井伊直弼 (1860) .

. Sengakuji (Senkakuji) 泉岳寺 Sengaku-Ji and the 47 Ronin .

Senju 千住

. Setomonocho 瀬戸物町 "Potter's district" .

. Shakujii 石神井 - Nerima ward .

. Shiba 芝 / 柴村 Shiba mura / 芝町 Shiba machi   .

. Shiba-Ura 芝浦 Shibaura and fishing in Edo .

. Shinagawa (品川区, Shinagawa-ku) .

Shinbashi 新橋 "new bridge" : Around 1705, the river 汐溜川 Shiodomegawa became a new bridge. The original name of the bridge was 芝口橋 Shibaguchibashi.


. Shinjuku 新宿 - Naitoo Shinjuku 内藤新宿 Naito Shinjuku .

. Shin-Yanagibashi 新柳橋 . ... and Kappa raincoats

. Shirakabechoo 神田白壁町 Kanda Shirakabe-Cho district .

. Shitaya 下谷 . - Ueno

. Shizutani Gakkoo 閑谷学校 Shizutani School of the Ikeda clan, Okayama .

. Somei 染井 - uekiya 植木屋 gardeners .
伊兵衛三之烝 Ihei Sannojo

. Sotobori 外堀 / そとぼり / 外濠 outer moat of Edo castle .

. Sumidagawa River 隅田川 and Katsushika 葛飾 .

. Surugadai 駿河台 . - Chioda
Suidobashi Surugadai 水道橋駿河台 / Kanda Surugadai 神田駿河台
and
Surugachoo 駿河町 Suruga Cho, Suruga Quarter, Suruga village, Suruga street (near Nihonbashi) / Suruga-Machi 駿河町 


Tansumachi 箪笥町 - Gofunai temple 22

. Takanawa district 高輪, Takanawadai 高輪台   .
Takanawa Okido 高輪 大木戸 The Great Gate of Takanawa  

Takinogawa 滝野川
. Takinogawa ninjin 滝野川人参 carrots .

. Tamagawa Joosui 多摩川上水 Tamagawa Josui Kanal .

. Tooriaburachoo, Tōriabura-chō 通油町 Toriaburacho District .

. Tsukiji Fish Market 築地市場 .
. . . . . Tsukiji - Visit to a Kabuki Theater
- source : Edomatsu -

. Tsukudajima 佃島 / 佃嶌 The Island Tsukuda  .
. . . . . and Tsukuda Sumiyoshi Shrine 住吉神社


. Ukiyo-e ni miru Edo no meisho  浮世絵 Famous places in Edo on Ukiyo-E paintings .

. Unemegahara 采女ヶ原 Uneme plain - Unemebashi 采女橋 Uneme bridge .
Matsudaira Uneme no Sho 松平采女正 Sadamoto 定基 (1687 - 1759)

. Uogashi 魚河岸  the Fish Market .
- - - - - now - Tsukiji Fish Market 築地市場

. Ushigome 牛込 .


Waseda 早稲田


. Yagenbori 薬研堀 "Yagen Canal".

. Yaguchi no watashi 矢ノ口渡 river crossing at Yaguchi village .
and the death of Nitta Yoshioki 新田義興 (? - 1358)

. Yanaka 谷中 Temple town .

. Yaraichoo 矢来町 Yarai-Cho "Palisade quarter" - Ushigome Yaraicho 牛込矢来町 .

. Yatsukooji 八つ小路 Yatsukoji district . - "Eight small streets"

. Yayosugashi district 八代洲河岸 / Yaesu 八重洲 .

. Yokoyamachoo, Yokoyama-chō 日本橋 横山町 Nihonbashi Yokoyama-cho .
Bakuro-Yokoyama is a now district in Tokyo Shitamachi.

. Yoshiwara 葦原 / 吉原 pleasure quarters, red-light district .
- - - - - Okabasho 岡場所 "Place on a Hill"

. Yoyogi 代々木 .
- - - - - Yoyogi Hachimangu, Yoyogi Shusse Inari

. Yushima 湯島 - Yushima Tenjin Shrine .

. Yuurakuchoo, Yūrakuchō 有楽町 Yuraku-Cho district, Yurakucho .

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. Shrines of Edo 江戸の神社 - INFO .

. Temples of Edo 江戸のお寺 - INFO .

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地名で読む江戸の町 / 大石学


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Explore Edo - Nineteenth-Century Edo Project
-- Maeda Ai



"There is congealed in the ōezu maps of Edo a peculiar compositional mode that fades from view when we look back from the perspective of a maps of Tokyo which introduced modern surveying techniques. At the center of the map is the white space of the shogun's castle overlaid with the hollyhock crest of the Tokugawa around which is a mosaic of streets and daimyō residences reproduced with great precision. [...] This cartographic vision which scarcely changed for two hundred years suggests an image of urban space as it was understood by the people of early modern Japan.
It is a series of concentric circles with the castle at the center."
- source : -


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. WKD : Place Names used in Haiku - Utamakura .


[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

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June 15, 2017

OMAMORI - Kurume Suitengu

https://darumapilgrim.blogspot.jp/2011/12/suitengu-shrine.html

omamori 水天宮 久留米 お守り amulet with special letters

It is printed on very thin paper.



You have to carefully tear out the middle character, put it in your mouth, make a wish and swallow it with water.
That way your body will be even closer to the Deity.

For more wishes, you have to tear out the other characters in the given order:



It is also used if you do not feel well or a child is ill. Sawllowing one letter will bring healing.

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June 14, 2017

HAIKU - Issa taira no masakado

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. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 (1763 - 1828) - Introduction .

梅さくや平親王の御月夜
ume saku ya heishinoo no on tsukiyo

plums are blossoming -
this moonlit night
of Prince Taira


Hei Shinoo 平親王 is another tame for Taira no Masakado.
In 1810, Issa has been to the temple 西林寺 Sairin-Ji in memory of Masakado at least 9 times.



この句は文化7年(1810)12月23日一茶が西林寺を尋ねた時に詠んだもの ...
- reference source : t-aterui.jp/hitachi -


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Taira no Masakado 平将門 / 平將門
(? – 940) - 延喜3年(903年)? - 天慶3年2月14日(940年3月25日)

A lot has been written about this hero of old !

Shoomonki, Shōmonki 将門記 Shomonki - The Records of Masakado, Masakado Chronicle

June 13, 2017

MINGEI - Noh Masks of Demons and Tengu

https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.jp/2011/09/masks-men-info.html

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noomen 能面 Noh Theater masks

. Noh (能 Nō), or Nogaku (能楽 Nōgaku) .

The demon masks kishin 鬼神: Tobide 飛出 portraying demons or savages, and 癋見 / 閉歯見 Beshimi portraying goblins such as Tengu.
beshimi means mouth clamped firmly shut.

- quote -

This is assumed to have appeared in the early stage of the history, describing supernatural substances such as demons or Tengu (long-nosed goblins). It is distinguishable by its forceful and wild appearance, and roughly classified into two types;
Tobide portraying demons or savages, and Beshimi portraying goblins such as Tengu.
- - - Featured in detail on the page on the-noh.com:
Fudō (不動)
Kurohige (黒髭)
Myōga-akujō (茗荷悪尉)
Shikami (顰)
Shishiguchi (獅子口)
Shōjō (猩々)
Tsuri-manako (釣眼)
Yakan (野干)
Ō-beshimi (大癋見)// Ko-beshimi (小癋見)// Kuro-beshimi (黒癋見)// Kiba-beshimi (牙癋見)// Hige-beshimi (鬚癋見)
Ō-tobide (大飛出) // Ko-tobide (小飛出)
- source : the-noh.com/sub/jp/index ... -


Ō-beshimi


Ō-tobide


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June 10, 2017

TEMPLE - Ginza Shusse Jizo

https://darumamuseum.blogspot.jp/2008/05/career-with-daruma.html

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Shusse Jizo at the Ginza 銀座出世地蔵尊



銀座4-6鎮座。銀座三越9階 9th floor rooftop of Ginza Mitsukoshi
The statue was moved from 三十間堀 Sanjikkenbori to Mitsukoshi in 1968.
Next to it is 三囲神社 Mimeguri Jinja.
Jizo is venerated for making a good successfull career, and also for general good luck, prosperity in business and a long life.
People come especially on the auspicious days for Jizo, on the 7th, 18th and 29th of each month. At that time there were special roadside shops 銀座八丁 but all was lost during WWII.

. Pilgrimage to 10 Shrines and Temples in the Ginza .
- 銀座八丁神社めぐり -

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Other Shusse Jizo

Dotonbori Osaka
CLICK for different Shusse Jizo ...

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Shusse Fudo 出世不動

CLICK for more Photos

Japanese Reference


More in my BLOG
Shusse Fudo Myo-O 出世不動尊


. shusse uo, shusseuo 出世魚 career fish .
Well, as they grow up they change their name, and some say, the flavor when used in food, they have noticeably distinct flavor profiles as they mature.

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June 09, 2017

HAIKU - Takayanagi Shigenobu

https://worldkigo2005.blogspot.jp/2006/06/rainbow-niji.html


Takayanagi Shigenobu (1923-1983) wurde von Kakio Tomizawa in die Welt des Haiku eingeführt. Von französischer moderner Literatur beeinflußt, schrieb er als erster Haiku in vier und mehr Zeilen und viele Haiku in der traditionellen Ein-Zeilen-Form unter den Namen Semio Yamakawa. Seine Haiku sind suggestiv, symbolisch, vielfach erotischer Natur oder voll Todesahnungen.(26)

Kann'ichi Abe interpretiert das folgende Haiku von Takayanagi Shigenobu, dem zum Vergleich zwei deutschsprachige vorangestellt sind.

Steh vor dem Abgrund –
Ein Regenbogen allein
spannt sich darüber.

(Imma von Bodmershof)

in pflasterpfützen
spielt eine ölspur .. ich bin
der regenbogen ..
(Roman York)

Mi o sorasu niji no
Zetten
Shokeidai
(Takayanagi Shigenobu)

Zurückgebeugt zum
höchsten Punkt des Regenbogens
Richtstätte


Das Haiku beschreibe eine fremde Landschaft tiefenpsychologisch. Der Begriff Regenbogen, im klassischen Haiku ein Sommer-Jahreszeitenwort, verliere hier jede kigo-Funktion und werde zum Bild, zum Symbol. "Es geht hier nicht um die Beschreibung der äußeren Welt; dieses Werk spielt im Inneren des menschlichen Denkens."(27)]
© Aspekte moderner deutschsprachiger Haiku, Mario Fitterer


Takayanagi Shigenobu 高柳 重信;
(* 9. Januar 1923 in der Stadt Tokio (heute Tokio); † 8. Juli 1983) war ein japanischer Haiku-Dichter.

Takayanagi studierte Jura an der Waseda-Universität. Hier gab er die Haiku-Zeitschriften Mure und Sōdai haiku heraus. Nachdem die meisten progressiven Haiku-Zeitschriften, darunter seine eigenen, verboten worden waren, publizierte er in Kikan. Unmittelbar nach dem Krieg gründete er Mure neu und außerdem die Zeitschrift Chōki.

1947 wurde er Schüler des Dichters Tomizawa Kakio, der westliche Einflüsse in die japanische Haiku-Dichtung einbrachte. Mit diesem gründete er 1952 die Avantgardezeitschrift Bara. 1958 gründete er Haiku hyorōn, und 1967 wurde er Redakteur der Zeitschrift Haiku kenkyū. Er veröffentlichte sechs eigene Gedichtbände: Fukiok (蕗子; 1950), Hakushakuryō (伯爵領; 1952), Kuromisa (黒彌撒; 1956), Aomisa (青彌撒; 1974), Sengaishū (山海集; 1976) und Nippon kaigun (日本海軍; 1979).
- source : wikipedia -

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EDO - Kobikicho timber cutter district

https://haikutopics.blogspot.jp/2011/11/sakai-in-edo.html


Kobikichoo 木挽町 Kobiki cho district


江戸名所図会 Edo Meisho Zue





Located to the Eastern side of Sanjugenborikawa (Sanjukken Canal) , from sub-district 1 to 7.
In the beginning of the Edo period, many construction workers using large timber saws 木挽 lived and worked here.


kobiki-noko 木挽鋸(こびきのこ) saw of a Kobiki worker

- quote -
Kobiki Nokogiri and Temagari Nokogiri - Timber Saws
Kobiki-Nokogiri were used in ancient Japan for the rough ripping of logs into boards for carpenters and cabinetmakers. These saws were used by one man, in contrast to Europe, where typically two men used a ripsaw for similar purposes. To properly guide them in very long cuts, the blades of Kobiki-Nokogiri, also known as Maebiki-Nokogiri, were much wider than those of other saws. The saws were roughly made, and at times still showed the smith's forge marks. Blades were laboriously hand-tapered from teeth to back to prevent jamming.
- source : fine-tools.com/kobiki -



葛飾北斎 Katsushika Hokusai - 木挽 Kobiki cutting wood


In 1642, the 山村座 Yamamuraza Kabuki Theater was constructed in the 6th sub-district and
in 1660, the 森田座 Moritaza (Morita-Za) was constructed in the 5th sub-district.
But the Yamamura-Za was closed in 1714 due to the
絵島事件 "Ejima incident".
At that time there ware more than 16 Chaya tea houses in the district.


Evening Snow at Sanjukken Canal
Sanjugenbori no bosetsu / Kawase Hasui


Ejima-Ikushima affair (江島生島事件 Ejima Ikushima jiken)
the most significant scandal in the Ōoku, the shogun's harem, ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .

- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -
31 木挽 legends to explore, many related to animals - tba

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- - - - - HAIKU - - - - -

kobiki uta 木挽唄 song of the timber cutters
They are still popular to our day.




松茸や木曽に木曽馬木挽唄
matsutake ya Kiso ni Kiso uma kobiki uta

pine mushrooms -
in Kiso there are Kiso horses
and songs of the timber cutters


鈴木石夫 Suzuki Ishio

The Kiso region was famous for its forests and wood workers.


鮪切る木挽唄など口にせむ
野中亮介

木挽唄芋煮の宴のたけなはに
氏家さち子

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO  TOP . ]
[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
- #sakaiedo #kobikicho -

June 05, 2017

MINGEI - Tango chirimen silk crepe

https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.jp/2013/12/chirimen-crepe-silk.html

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. . . . . . . . . . Kyoto 京都

Tango chirimen 丹後縮緬



- quote -
Tango Chirimen Silk Crepe
Chirimen—also known as silk crepe—is a form of textile made of flat-woven silk. While there are various local brands of chirimen across Japan, one that especially stands out is Kyoto's Tango chirimen, produced in what was formerly the Tango Province of northern Kyoto Prefecture.
Tango chirimen is manufactured in a unique fashion.
First, the base cloth is made by alternately weaving the warp, which uses untwisted raw silk, and the weft, which uses raw silk twisted about 3,000 times per meter. The silk yarn is then compressed during the refinement process, which results in the untwisting of the weft, bringing a pattern of fine, bumpy-textured grains to the surface. Thus Tango chirimen is born.
The discerning feature of Tango chirimen
lies in these grains, which make the fabric less prone to wrinkling and lend it a preeminently soft feel. The bumps of these grains also diffuse light, bringing out a richness in the dyed colors that produces a much deeper tone.
Tango chirimen is not only beautiful, but also has a soft texture that feels sublime on the skin. The strongly twisted yarns also make it very durable, and it can be re-dyed multiple times, allowing it to boast unparalleled quality overall.
While most Japanese chirimen textiles are composed exclusively of silk,
Tango chirimen puts the same traditional techniques to use on a variety of materials, including polyester and rayon. Different materials display different qualities, with polyester, for example, being highly valued for travel clothes, since it's easy to wash, hang and dry, making it even more wrinkle-free.
While kimono certainly represent the most popular Tango chirimen product, the technique is also used for small articles such as book covers and pencil cases, as well as drapery. With many fascinating designs and colors, as well as various luxurious textures, there's much to appreciate in the culture of Tango chirimen.

Tango-Chirimen Rekishikan
315 Iwaya Yosano Yosa District Kyoto Prefecture
- source : japan-brand.jnto.go.jp -



Chirimen Kaidoo 縮緬街道 the Chirimen Road
with many old homes of the merchants.
- reference source : yosano.or.jp/chirimen-kaido -


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. . . CLICK here for Photos !

. Reference .

- English reference

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. Sue Sarasa Museum of Art 寿恵更紗ミュージアム .
sarasa サラサ calico, chintz, printed cotton

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June 01, 2017

EDO - Hon-Ryogae-Cho district - Kinza

https://haikutopics.blogspot.jp/2006/06/coin-zeni.html

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Honryoogaechoo 本両替町 Hon-Ryogae-Cho district
- now
. Edo Hongokuchoo 江戸 本石町 Hongoku district in Edo - Nihonbashi .

In its middle was the 金座 Kinza.
In its North was
Kanefukichoo 金吹町 Kanefukicho,
an area where the money was actually made. Special craftsmen, the
kobanshi 小判師 Koban makers
had their own small factories. The mixing of gold and silver and then pressing it into coins was called kanefuki.


The child of Kyoto swordmaker Gotoo Yuujoo 後藤祐乗 Goto Yujo (1440 – 1512), 後藤庄三郎 Goto Shosaburo was invited to Edo to make the first Koban. He became controller of the Kinza gold mint.

Another district related to the Koban was
Kinsukechoo 金助町 Kinsukecho


- - - - - - - - - -

. Doing Business in Edo - 江戸の商売 .

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ryoogaeya 両替屋 money changer

Money was in the form of gold and silver slabs and small change
zeni, kozeni 銭、小銭.
The money changers had to weigh the amount of metal to make sure there was no fraud involved.
The exchange rate was fixed by the Bakufu government.
The money changers charged a small sum for their work.




Some dealers for the townspeople were specialized in coins:
銭両替屋
Many shops were concentraded in 室町 Muromachi and 通町 Toricho.
In the year 1718 there were more than 600 people involved in the business.
A few of them were specialized in changing gold and silver :
hon ryoogaeya 本両替屋
Their clients were the feudal lords and the richest of town.

Their most important tools were a set of scales and weight, 分銅 bundoo.





分銅 bundoo


An Edo period money changer's shop has been reproduced
- source : Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi Money Museum -

. Echigoya 越後屋 and Mitsui 三井 .

- - - - - - - - - -

EDO - Minami Kayabacho

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.jp/2015/12/fukiyacho-district.html


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Kayabacho 茅場町
Kayabacho is in the southern part of the Nihonbashi area.
In the Edo Period, reed fields abounded in the area. Many merchants selling roof thatch lived here.
Since Kayabacho is near the Tokyo Stock Exchange, it has become a business district with many stock brokerage firms. It is called one of the world's Big Three financial centers and Japan's Wall Street. The streets are filled with businessmen.Going to Nippon Budokan and Tokyo Disney Resort is also convenient.
There are many business hotels around the subway station.In 1887, Tokyo Dento Co., Japan's first electric power company, built Japan's first power plant in Kayabacho. It started supplying electricity to nearby customers such as Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK Line) and the Tokyo Post Office.Two branches of the Kamejima River flow through Kayabacho and empty into the Sumida River. The Kamejima River branches off from the Nihonbashi River.Upstream where the Kamejima River branches off, there is the Nihonbashi Sluice Gate. And downstream at the river mouth is the Kamejima River Sluice Gate. Both gates prevent flooding caused by high tide countercurrents.
- source : gurunavi.com/en -


Minami Kayabachoo 南茅場町 Minami Kayabacho, Minami-Kayabacho
Apart from the roof thatch dealers, soon more drinking places and restaurants were built there.


Kaikoan restaurant at Minami-Kayabacho
歌川広重 Utagawa Hiroshige

東都高名会席尽 茅場町 葛の葉 (Kuzunoha)
Kaiko-an, Minami-Kayabacho

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- quote
Thatching is the craft of building a roof with dry vegetation such as straw, water reed, sedge (Cladium mariscus), rushes, or heather, layering the vegetation so as to shed water away from the inner roof. It is a very old roofing method and has been used in both tropical and temperate climates. Thatch is still employed by builders in developing countries, usually with low-cost, local vegetation. By contrast in some developed countries it is now the choice of affluent people who desire a rustic look for their home, would like a more ecologically friendly roof, or who have purchased an originally thatched abode.
A thatched roof
is usually pitched between 45–55 degrees and under normal circumstances this is sufficient to shed snow and water. In areas of extreme snowfall, such as parts of Japan, the pitch is increased further.
- source : wikipedia


- quote -
kayabuki yane 茅葺屋根. Lit. thatching with miscanthus.
However, the word kaya 茅 includes the use of many kinds of grasses, reeds and straw. Although thatched roofs are usually associated with vernacular dwellings minka 民家, some shrine or temple buildings or gates still use this type of roofing material. Thatch roofs last a maximum of about 30 years, before thatching becomes necessary. About half the thatch can be removed, dried out and reused.
... The shape and pitch of thatched roofs vary from region to region. The steepest roofs use the gasshou style gasshou-zukuri 合掌造 (gasshozukuri), to shed snow easily while in milder areas the pitch used is relatively gentle.
- Read the details here :
- source : JAANUS-


. WKD - kaya fuku 萱葺く thatching a roof .
kaya karu 萱刈る (かやかる) cutting miscanthus (reeds)
ashi kari 蘆刈 (あしかり) cutting reeds
kaya - Schilfgras
...

May 31, 2017

Fwd: [Edo - the EDOPEDIA -] Australian ship 1830

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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Australian ship seen in Edo, 1830
January 16, 1830.

- source : theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/may/28


A watercolour of a British-flagged ship that arrived off the coast of Mugi, in Shikoku, Japan in 1830, chronicled by low-ranking Samurai artist Makita Hamaguchi in documents from the Tokushima prefectural archive.
Photograph: Courtesy of Tokushima prefectural archive


- quote
Australian convict pirates in Japan: evidence of 1830 voyage unearthed
Exclusive: Fresh translations of samurai accounts of 'barbarian' ship arriving at the height of Japan's feudal isolation corroborate a story long dismissed as fantasy


An amateur historian has unearthed compelling evidence that the first Australian maritime foray into Japanese waters was by convict pirates on an audacious escape from Tasmania almost two centuries ago.

Fresh translations of samurai accounts of a "barbarian" ship in 1830 give startling corroboration to a story modern scholars had long dismissed as convict fantasy: that a ragtag crew of criminals encountered a forbidden Japan at the height of its feudal isolation.

The brig Cyprus was hijacked by convicts bound from Hobart to Macquarie Harbour in 1829, in a mutiny that took them all the way to China.

Its maverick skipper was William Swallow, a onetime British cargo ship apprentice and naval conscript in the Napoleonic wars, who in a piracy trial in London the following year told of a samurai cannonball in Japan knocking a telescope from his hand.

Swallow's fellow mutineers, two of whom were the last men hanged for piracy in Britain, backed his account of having been to Japan.

Western researchers, citing the lack of any Japanese record of the Cyprus, had since ruled the convicts' story a fabrication.

But that conclusion has been shattered by Nick Russell, a Japan-based English teacher and history buff, in a remarkable piece of sleuthing that has won the endorsement of Australian diplomatic officials and Japanese and Australian archival experts.

Russell, after almost three years of puzzling over an obscure but meticulous record of an early samurai encounter with western interlopers, finally joined the dots with the Cyprus through a speculative Google search last month.

The British expatriate all but solved what was for the Japanese a 187-year mystery, while likely uncovering vivid new detail of an epic chapter of colonial Australian history.

"If you'd said I was going to go hunt and find a new pirate ship, I'd have gone, 'you're crazy'," Russell told Guardian Australia. "I just stumbled on it. Boom. There it was on the screen in front of me.

"I immediately knew and as soon as I started checking, everything just fitted so perfectly."

The ship anchored on 16 January 1830 off the town of Mugi,
on Shikoku island, where Makita Hamaguchi, a samurai sent disguised as a fisherman to check the ship for weapons, noted an "unbearable stench in the vicinity of the ship".

The site is about 900m from where Russell's holiday house now stands.

It was Hamaguchi's watercolour sketch of an unnamed ship with a British flag that first intrigued Russell when he saw it on the website of the Tokushima prefectural archive in 2014.

With the help of a local volunteer manuscript reading group, Russell has since worked at translating written accounts of the ship's arrival by Hamaguchi and another samurai, Hirota, now held by the Tokushima prefectural archive. Hamaguchi's is called Illustrated Account of the Arrival of a Foreign Ship, while Hirota's is A Foreign Ship Arrives Off Mugi Cove.

Russell first thought it may be a whaling ship, but the manuscript readers were skeptical. Having learned mutinies were common among whalers, Russell last month Googled the words "mutiny 1829".
This stumbling upon a link between a samurai record and the story of the Cyprus was the research equivalent of finding a needle in a haystack, according to Warwick Hirst, the former curator of manuscripts at the State Library of New South Wales.
"It was a fantastic find," Hirst, author of The Man Who Stole the Cyprus, told Guardian Australia. "I have no doubt that the Japanese account describes the visit of the Cyprus."
What emerges is a picture of a desperate band of travellers, low on water and firewood, who provoked curiosity and suspicion among local warlords vexed by their appearance.
Bound to violently repel them by order of Japan's ruling shogun, the samurai commanders showed some restraint, giving the foreigners advice on wind direction after raining down cannon balls and musket shot on their ship.

Hamaguchi wrote of sailors with "long pointed noses" who were not hostile, but asked in sign language for water and firewood. One had burst into tears and begun praying when an official rejected an earlier plea.

A skipper who looked 25 or 26 placed tobacco in "a suspicious looking object, sucked and then breathed out smoke".

He had a "scarlet woollen coat" with "cuffs embroidered with gold thread and the buttons were silver-plated", which was "a thing of great beauty, but as clothing it was gaudy".

Hamaguchi's watercolour sketch of the coat has what Russell said may be a telling detail on the sleeve: a bird that could be a swallow, the skipper's own stamp on a British military officer's jacket taken as a souvenir in the mutiny.

--- Photo --- A watercolour by samurai Makita Hamaguchi

The skipper gave instructions to a crew that "in accordance with what appeared to be some mark of respect" followed orders to remove their hats "to the man, most of them revealing balding heads".

They "exchanged words amongst themselves like birds twittering".

A dog on the ship "did not look like food. It looked like a pet."

Another samurai chronicler called Hirota noted the crew offered gifts including an object he later drew, which looks like a boomerang.

One sailor bared his chest to the disguised samurai to reveal a tattoo of "the upper body of a beautiful woman", Hamaguchi wrote.

Another produced "a big glass of what appeared to be an alcoholic beverage and indicated that we should drink".

"We declined by waving our hands, upon which they passed the glass around themselves, one by one tapping their heads as they drank to indicate the good feeling it brought them, and finished the lot."

Onshore, the samurai commanders were anxious to follow an 1825 edict by the shogun bolstering Japan's isolationist policy.
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It stated: "All foreign vessels should be fired upon. Any foreigner who landed should be arrested or killed. Every interaction should be reported in the utmost detail."

Hamaguchi quoted Mima, a local commander, saying he had been "suspicious of that ship since it arrived".

"The men on the ship do not look hungry at all and in fact they seem to be mocking us by diving off the stern and climbing back onto the ship again," Mima said. "It is very strange that everyone who goes out for a closer look returns feeling very sorry for them.

"I think they are pirates. We should crush them!"

Mima stayed up till dawn discussing what to do with his superior Yamauchi, who decided: "We should take out a large lead ball and tell them that if they don't leave immediately, we will fire on them and reduce them to matchwood."
Yamauchi later told an underling to give some water and firewood if the sailors agreed to leave.

The "barbarians" in sign language told the samurai go-betweens they needed five days to mend sails and paint the ship, one making "a fist with one hand and put it under his cocked head indicating sleep".

When Yamauchi refused, the skipper asked for three days, then gave the samurai messengers a letter to pass on.
"Commander Yamauchi was not happy. 'What did you accept a letter from them for? Take it back at once!'" Hamaguchi wrote.

When the ship did not raise its anchor, a cannon fired on the ship like a "thunder clap … followed by an eerie screeching noise as the old deeply pitted ball flew between the two masts of the barbarian ship".

"Irritatingly, without sign of haste or panic, the crew leisurely spread one sail," Hamaguchi said.

The ship spread another sail but did not move, prompting an infuriated Yamauchi to order more cannon fire.

With little wind but an onshore breeze, the ship could not sail out to sea and "instead, ignoring the hail of cannon and musketoon balls" sailed west between two samurai firing positions.

Hamaguchi wrote that "at about this time the feudal overseer realised it was a British ship and became extremely angry", ordering fire on the ship's waterline.

"Two cannon balls hit and shook the ship badly. The foreigners were standing and yelling."
Another cannon ball smashed into the ship's hull, and one or two crew lay on the deck appearing "killed or injured".

--- Photo --- the watercolour picture of a British-flagged ship that arrived off the coast of Mugi, in Shikoku,

"The others turned towards commander Yamauchi's boat, all removed their hats and appeared to be praying," Hamaguchi wrote.

Yamauchi asked an underling when the wind would improve, then was "good enough to share this knowledge with the barbarians through sign language and they swiftly turned the brig across the wind".

The smaller samurai boats surrounded the foreigners and "a foul stench was coming from the ship".
When a samurai musketeer
"showed his courage by brandishing his big gun in their faces", the "barbarians looked worried, cried out and trembled with fear", Hamaguchi wrote.

----- continue reading
- source : theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/may/28

This article was amended on 29 May 2017. An earlier version mistranslated Yamauchi as Yamanouchi.
This has been corrected.

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Legend of an Australian Pirate Ship in Japan Confirmed




Convicts in Australia hijacked the British ship the Cyprus in 1829. When they were eventually captured,
William Swallow, leader of the pirates, and some of his men were put on trial. They gave an account of sailing to Japan in 1830, but no one believed them. Almost 200 years later, the story was considered a legend -until now.
Nick Russell searched through 19th century Japanese writings and found and translated an account from samurai Makita Hamaguchi that confirms a Western ship showed up at Shikoku island on January 16, 1830.

- source : neatorama.com/2017/05/28/Legend-of-an-Australian-Pirate-Ship -

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 5/30/2017 01:52:00 pm

May 25, 2017

HEIAN - Abe no Seimei and Shikigami Demons

https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.jp/2011/06/abe-no-seimei.html

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Shikigami 式神 / シキガミ, Shiki no Kami 式の神 Shiki deity, demon or ghost
god-like demon spirits



The Shikigami is on the bottom of the right side, clad in red.

- quote -
Shikigami 式神, also read as Shiki-no-kami, 式の神
the term for a being from Japanese folklore.
It is thought to be some sort of kami, represented by a small ghost.
The belief of shikigami originates from Onmyōdō.
Shikigami are said to be invisible most of the time, but they can be made visible by banning them into small, folded and artfully cut paper manikins. There are also shikigami that can show themselves as animals or birds. They must be conjured during a complex ceremony and their power is connected to the spiritual force of their master. If the evoker is well introduced and has lots of experience, his Shiki can possess animals and even people and manipulate them. But if the evoker is careless, his shikigami may get out of control in time, gaining its own will and consciousness. In this case the shikigami will raid its own master and kill him in revenge.
Normally shikigami are conjured to exercise risky orders for their masters, such as spying around, stealing and enemy tracking. . . .
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


shikigamitsukai 式神遣 a kind of sorcerer, witch
izunatsukai 飯縄遣 witch helping Izuna
inugamizukai 犬神使い using a dog deity
kitsunetsukai 狐使い using a fox deity
This is often a 霊狐 special fox, performing special rituals with respect to various deities, like Iizuna 飯綱法、Atago 愛宕法、Dakini 茶吉尼法

Abe no Seimei used a various Shikigami or oni 鬼 demons to help with his magic work
and there were many others he had to subdue.


陰陽師鬼談 安倍晴明物語 / kidan 鬼談 Demon stories about Abe no Seimei
荒俣宏 Aramata Hiroshi

芦屋道満 Ashiya Doman との確執
Ashiya Doman is an arch rival of Abe no Seimei and the Spirit Guardian of Adashino Benio
伴侶-息長姫 との竜宮での出会い Okinagahime in the Dragon Palace、
橋姫との契り Hashihime
. Hashihime, Hashi Hime 橋姫 / はし姫 "Princess of the Bridge" .

- quotes -
-- When the samurai Watanabe no Tsuna was said to cut off a demon's arm, he brought the accursed item to Seimei to seal it away with a spell. ...
-- Seimei remarks that the world is gradually returning to its proper shape with the demons' purifications,
yet the time distortions created by the monstrosities ...
-- Legend says that Seimei met hosts of other demons in magical situations ...
- further reference : abe seimei demons -



. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - ABC-List - .


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